Padian, K., A. de Ricqlès, and J. R. Horner. 1995. Bone histology determines identification of a new fossil taxon of pterosaur. Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences, Paris 320:77-84.
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pterosaurs (Montanazhdarcho minor and Quetzalcoatl
pterosaurs (Montanazhdarcho minor and Quetzalcoatlus sp.)
Padian, K., A. de Ricqlès, and J. R. Horner. 2001. Dinosaurian growth rates and birds origins. Nature 412:405-408.
Padian, K., J. R. Horner, and A. de Ricqlès. 2004. Growth in small dinosaurs and pterosaurs: the evolution of archosaurian growth strategies. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24:555-571.
small pterosaurs (Eudimorphodon [Eudimorphodon cro
small pterosaurs (Eudimorphodon [Eudimorphodon cromptonellus], Dimorphodon [Dimorphodon macronyx], Rhamphorhynchus, Pterodactylus); dinosaurs (Scutellosaurus, Orodromeus, Psittacosaurus: see also Erickson and Tumanova, 2000, Confuciusornis, Coelophysis, Herrerasaurus, Troodon, Maiasaura: see also Horner et al., 2000: Lambeosauridae indet.)
Paes-Neto, V. D., J. B. Desojo, A. C. B. Brust, C. L. Schultz, Á. A. S. Da-Rosa, and M. B. Soares. 2021. Intraspecific variation in the axial skeleton of Aetosauroides scagliai (Archosauria: Aetosauria) and its implications for the aetosaur diversity of the Late Triassic of Brazil. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences) 93(Suppl. 2): e20201239.
Palombo, M. R., and M. Zedda. 2022. The intriguing giant deer from the Bate cave (Crete): could paleohistological evidence question its taxonomy and nomenclature? Integrative Zoology 17:54-77.
long bones of cervids Candiacervus major and Candi
long bones of cervids Candiacervus major and Candiacervus ropalophorus
Pardo-Pérez, J. M., B. P. Kear, M. Gómez, M. Moroni, and E. E. Maxwell. 2017. Ichthyosaurian palaeopathology: evidence of injury and disease in fossil ‘fish lizards’. Journal of Zoology. Research 304(1): 21-33.
scapula (Eurhinosaurus sp.) and humerus (Ichthyosaurus sp.) of ichthyosaurs
Parker, W. G., M. R. Stocker, and R. B. Irmis. 2008. A new desmatosuchine aetosaur (Archosauria: Suchia) from the Upper Triassic Tecovas Formation (Dockum Group) of Texas. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28:692-701.
Parker, W. G., S. J. Nesbitt, R. B. Irmis, J. W. Martz, A. D. Marsh, M. A. Brown, M. R. Stocker, and S. Werning. 2021. Osteology and relationships of Revueltosaurus callenderi (Archosauria: Suchia) from the Upper Triassic (Norian) Chinle Formation of Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona, United States. The Anatomical Record [in press].
long bones and osteoderms of suchian archosaurs (K
long bones and osteoderms of suchian archosaurs (Krzyzanowskisaurus hunti, Revueltosaurus callenderi)
Parsons, W. L., and K. M. Parsons. 2015. Morphological Variations within the ontogeny of Deinonychus antirrhopus (Theropoda, Dromaeosauridae). PLoS ONE 10(4): e0121476.
Peecook, B. R., J. S. Steyer, N. J. Tabor, and R. M. H. Smith. 2018. Updated geology and vertebrate paleontology of the Triassic Ntawere Formation of northeastern Zambia, with special emphasis on the archosauromorphs. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 17:8-38.
Pellegrini, R. 2007. Skeletochronology of the limb elements of mosasaurs (Squamata; Mosasauridae). Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 110:83-99.
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mosasaurs (Tylosaurus, Platecarpus, Clidastes)
Pereda-Suberbiola, X., A. Pérez-García, J. Carmelo Corral, X. Murelaga, G. Martin, J. Larrañaga, N. Bardet, A. Berreteaga, and J. Company. 2015. First dinosaur and turtle remains from the latest Cretaceous shallow marine deposits of Albaina (Laño quarry, Iberian Peninsula). Comptes Rendus Palevol 14:471-482.
Pereyra, M. E., P. Bona, I. A. Cerda, J. M. Jannello, M. S. De la Fuente, and B. Desántolo. 2020. Growth dynamics and body size evolution of South American long-necked chelid turtles: A bone histology approach. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 65(3): 535-545.
long bones of chelid turtle Yaminuechelys maior [a
long bones of chelid turtle Yaminuechelys maior [also extant Hydromedusa tectifera]
Pérez-García, A., T. M. Scheyer, and X. Murelaga. 2012. New interpretations on Dortoka vasconica Lapparent de Broin and Murelaga, a freshwater turtle with an unusual carapace. Cretaceous Research (in press).
Pérez-García, A., T. M. Scheyer, and X. Murelaga. 2013. The turtles from the uppermost Jurassic and Early Cretaceous of Galve (Iberian Range, Spain): anatomical, systematic, biostratigraphic and palaeobiogeographical implications. Cretaceous Research 44:64-82.
Persons IV, W. S., P. J. Currie, and G. M. Erickson. 2020. An older and exceptionally large adult specimen of Tyrannosaurus rex. The Anatomical Record 303:656-672.
long bone of tyrannosaurid theropod dinosaur Tyran
long bone of tyrannosaurid theropod dinosaur Tyrannosaurus rex
Petersen, H. 1930. Die Organe des Skeletsystems; pp. 521-676 in W. von Möllendorff (ed.), Handbuch der mikroskopischen Anatomie des Menschen. Bd. II/2. Springer, Berlin.
1930
sauropod Pelorosaurus
Pochat-Cottilloux, Y., J. E. Martin, R. Amiot, J. Cubo, and V. d. Buffrénil. 2022. A survey of osteoderm histology and ornamentation among Crocodylomorpha: A new proxy to infer lifestyle? Journal of Morphology 284:e21542.
Pol, D., A. C. Mancuso, R. M. H. Smith, C. A. Marsicano, J. Ramezani, I. A. Cerda, A. Otero, and V. Fernandez. 2021. Earliest evidence of herd-living and age segregation amongst dinosaurs. Scientific Reports 11:20023.
long bones (femora) of sauropodomorph Mussaurus pa
long bones (femora) of sauropodomorph Mussaurus patagonicus
Ponce, D. A., I. A. Cerda, J. B. Desojo, and S. J. Nesbitt. 2017. The osteoderm microstructure in doswelliids and proterochampsids and its implications for palaeobiology of stem archosaurs. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 62:819-831.
osteoderms of the doswelliids (Doswellia kaltenbac
osteoderms of the doswelliids (Doswellia kaltenbachi, Vancleavea campi) and proterochampsid Chanaresuchus bonapartei
Ponce, D. A., J. B. Desojo, and I. A. Cerda. 2022. Palaeobiological inferences of the aetosaur Aetosauroides scagliai (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia) based on microstructural analyses of its appendicular bones. Historical Biology 35:303-314.
Ponce, D. A., M. J. Trotteyn, I. A. Cerda, L. E. Fiorelli, and J. B. Desojo. 2021. Osteohistology and paleobiological inferences of proterochampsids (Eucrocopoda: Proterochampsia) from the Chañares Formation (late Ladinian–early Carnian), La Rioja, Argentina. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology e1926273 (14 pages).
long bones and osteoderms of proterochampsid Eucro
long bones and osteoderms of proterochampsid Eucrocopoda (Chanaresuchus bonapartei, Rhadinosuchinae indet.)
Ponce, D. A., T. M. Scheyer, I. A. Cerda, and J. B. Desojo. 2023. Palaeobiological inferences of “rauisichians” Fasolasuchus tenax (Los Colorados Fm., Argentina) and Prestosuchus chiniquensis (Santa Maria Super sequence, Brazil) from the Middle-Upper Triassic of South America based on microstructural analyses. Journal of Anatomy (in press).
long bones of 'rauisuchian' archosaurs (Fasolasuch
long bones of 'rauisuchian' archosaurs (Fasolasuchus tenax, Prestosuchus chiniquensis)
Pretto, F. A., F. H. Veiga, M. C. Langer, and C. L. Schultz. 2016. A juvenile sauropodomorph tibia from the 'Botucaraí Hill', Late Triassic of southern Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 19:407-414.
Prondvai, E. 2016. Medullary bone in fossils: function, evolution and significance in growth curve reconstructions of extinct vertebrates. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 30:440-460.
long bones of iguanodontid (Tenontosaurus) and dry
long bones of iguanodontid (Tenontosaurus) and dryosaurid (Dysalotosaurus) ornithopod dinosaurs, and allosaurid theropod dinosaur (Allosaurus); mandibular symphysis of pterosaur Bakonydraco
Prondvai, E., and K. H. W. Stein. 2014. Medullary bone-like tissue in the mandibular symphyses of a pterosaur suggests non-reproductive significance. Nature Scientific Reports 4:6253.
mandibles of azhdarchid pterosaur Bakonydraco gala
mandibles of azhdarchid pterosaur Bakonydraco galaczi
Prondvai, E., E. R. Bodor, and A. Ösi. 2014. Does morphology reflect osteohistology-based ontogeny? A case study of Late Cretaceous pterosaur jaw symphyses from Hungary reveals hidden taxonomic diversity. Paleobiology 40:288-321.
mandibles of azhdarchid pterosaur Bakonydraco gala
mandibles of azhdarchid pterosaur Bakonydraco galaczi
Prondvai, E., K. Stein, A. Ösi, and M. P. Sander. 2012. Life history of Rhamphorhynchus inferred from bone histology and the diversity of pterosaurian growth strategies. PLoS ONE 7(2): e31392.
several long bones (femora, tibiae, ulnae, plus on
several long bones (femora, tibiae, ulnae, plus one phalanx bone and one prepubis) of several specimens (growth series) of pterosaur Rhamporhynchus
Prondvai, E., P. Godefroit, D. Adriaens, and D.-Y. Hu. 2018. Intraskeletal histovariability, allometric growth patterns, and their functional implications in bird-like dinosaurs. Scientific Reports 8:258 (16 pages).
Qin, Z., J. Clark, J. Choiniere, and X. Xu. 2019. A new alvarezsaurian theropod from the Upper Jurassic Shishugou Formation of western China. Scientific Reports 9:11727.
long bone of alvarezsaurid theropod Shishugounykus
long bone of alvarezsaurid theropod Shishugounykus inexpectus
Qin, Z., Q. Zhao, J. N. Choiniere, J. M. Clark, M. J. Benton, and X. Xu. 2021. Growth and miniaturization among alvarezsauroid dinosaurs. Current Biology 31:3687-3693.e5.
long bones of alvarezsauroid dinosaurs Haplocheiru
long bones of alvarezsauroid dinosaurs Haplocheirus sollers, and futher data on Xixianykus zhang, Aorun zhaoi, Shishugounykus inexpectus, Xiyunykus pengi, and Bannykus wulatensis, Shuvuuia deserti, Albinykus baatar
Quekett, J. T. 1849a. On the intimate structure of bone as composing the skeleton in the four great classes of animals, viz., mammals, birds, reptiles, and fishes, with some remarks on the great value of the knowledge of such structure in determining the affinities of minute fragments of organic remains. Transactions of the Microscopical Society of London 2:46-58.
1849
reference to turtles (“Colossochelys atlas”) a
reference to turtles (“Colossochelys atlas”) and dinosaurs including birds (Iguanodon, Dinornis) and synapsids (proboscidean Mastodon, xenarthran Megatherium); possibly bone histology of pterosaur bones (“Pterodactyle”)
Quekett, J. T. 1849b. Additional observations on the intimate structure of bone. Transactions of the Microscopical Society of London 2:59-64.
1849
reference to turtle ("Geochelone atlas") and phyth
reference to turtle ("Geochelone atlas") and phython bones; bone histological image of humerus
of a "pterodactyle"; further images of extant animals (fishes, amphibians, ostrich, human)
Quekett, J. T. 1855. Descriptive and Illustrated Catalogue of the Histological Series contained in the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. Volume II. Structure of the Skeleton of Vertebrate animals. Taylor and Francis, London.
1855
reptiles including ichthyosaurs (Ichthyosaurus), t
reptiles including ichthyosaurs (Ichthyosaurus), turtles (“Colossochelys atlas”), pterosaurs (Pterodactylus) and birds (Dinornis giganteus, Anomalopteryx didiformis [orig. referred to as Dinornis didiformis]) and synapsids including afrotheres (proboscidean Mastodon), artiodactyls (Megaloceros giganteus [orig. referred to as Megaceros]), perissodactyls (fossil Equus?, fossil Rhinocereros?) and xenarthrans (Glyptodon clavipes, Megatherium cuvieri, Mylodon robustus)
Rauhut, O. W. M., T. R. Hübner, and K.-P. Lanser. 2016. A new megalosaurid theropod dinosaur from the late Middle Jurassic (Callovian) of north-western Germany: Implications for theropod evolution and faunal turnover in the Jurassic. Palaeontologia Electronica 19.2.26A: 1-65.
long bone (fibula) of megalosauroid theropod Wiehe
long bone (fibula) of megalosauroid theropod Wiehenvenator albati
Ray, S., A. Chinsamy, and S. Bandyopadhyay. 2005. Lystrosaurus murrayi (Therapsida, Dicynodontia): bone histology, growth and lifestyle adaptations. Palaeontology 48:1169-1185.
Ray, S., and A. Chinsamy. 2004. Diictodon feliceps (Therapsida, Dicynodontia): bone histology, growth, and biomechanics. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24:180-194.
Ray, S., D. Mukherjee, and S. Bandyopadhyay. 2009. Growth patterns of fossil vertebrates as deduced from bone microstructure: case studies from India. Journal of Bioscience 34:661-672.
Ray, S., J. Botha, and A. Chinsamy. 2004. Bone histology and growth patterns of some nonmammalian therapsids. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24:634-648.
therapsids (gorgonopsian Scylacops, Aelurognathus; therocephalian Pristerognathus; cynodontian Procynsuchus, Tritylodon; for dicynodont Diictodon: see Ray and Chinsamy, 2004; for Cynognathus and Diademodon: see Botha and Chinsamy, 2000)
Ray, S., S. Bandyopadhyay, and D. Bhawal. 2009. Growth patterns as deduced from bone microstructure of some selected neotherapsids with special emphasis on dicynodonts: phylogenetic implications. Palaeoworld 18:53-66.
Ray, S., S. Bandyopadhyay, and R. Appana. 2010. Bone histology of a kannemeyeriid dicynodont Wadiasaurus: palaeobiological implications; pp. 73-89. in S. Bandyopadhyay (ed.), New Aspects of Mesozoic Biodiversity. Springer, Heidelberg.
several skeletal elements in a growth series of th
several skeletal elements in a growth series of the kannemeyeriid dicynodont Wadiasaurus indicus
Redelstorff, R., and P. M. Sander. 2009. Long and girdle bone histology of Stegosaurus: implications for growth and life history. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29:1087-1099.
Redelstorff, R., S. Hayashi, B. M. Rothschild, and A. Chinsamy. 2015. Non-traumatic bone infection in stegosaurs from Como Bluff, Wyoming. Lethaia 48:47-55.
Reid, R. E. H. 1984b. The histology of dinosaur bone, and its possible bearing on dinosaurian physiology; pp. 629-663 in M. W. J. Ferguson (ed.), Structure, Development and Evolution of Reptiles. Symposium of the Zoological Society of London. Academic Press, London.
Reid, R. E. H. 1985. On supposed Haversian bone from the hadrosaur Anatosaurus, and the nature of compact bone in dinosaurs. Journal of Paleontology 59:140-148.
Reid, R. E. H. 1987. Bone and dinosaurian 'endothermy'. Modern Geology 11:133-154.
1987
Crocodylia indet. (Wealden); Sauropoda indet. and
Crocodylia indet. (Wealden); Sauropoda indet. and ornitischian dinosaurs (Iguanodon, Rhabdodon, Orthomerus); with reference to bone histology of therapsids (Biarmosuchus, Phthinosuchus)