Palaeohistology

Author: Torsten Scheyer (Zürich), (DB update: 8 Apr. 2026)
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Reference
Publication Year (use * as wildcard)
Taxa sampled and further notes
 Classical overview work (1)
 Fossil Synapsida (2)
 Parareptilia (3)
 Eureptilia (excl. Dinos & Birds) (4)
 Eureptilia (Dinos & Birds) (5)

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636 records found. Showing result 351-400. Choose other page: go to first pagego to previous page go to next pagego to last page

Reference
Publication YearLink Morphobank DOI
1   
1
Classical overview work
2   
2
Fossil Synapsida
3   
3
Parareptilia
4   
4
Eureptilia (excl. Dinos & Birds)
5   
5
Eureptilia (Dinos & Birds)
Taxa sampled and further notes
Maidment, S. C. R., S. J. Strachan, D. Ouarhache, T. M. Scheyer, E. E. Brown, V. Fernandez, Z. Johanson, T. J. Raven, and P. M. Barrett. 2021. Bizarre dermal armour suggests the first African ankylosaur. Nature Ecology & Evolution:5: 1576-1581.
2021 DOI
rib and osteoderm of ankylosaurian ornithischian S read more
rib and osteoderm of ankylosaurian ornithischian Spicomellus afer
Main, R. P., A. de Ricqlès, J. R. Horner, and K. Padian. 2005. The evolution and function of thyreophoran dinosaur scutes: implications for plate function in stegosaurs. Paleobiology 31:291-314.
2005 DOI
thyreophoran armour (Scelidosaurus, Scutellosaurus read more
thyreophoran armour (Scelidosaurus, Scutellosaurus, Stegosaurus)
Mallon, J. C., C. J. Ott, P. L. Larson, E. M. Iuliano, and D. C. Evans. 2016. Spiclypeus shipporum gen. et sp. nov., a boldly audacious new chasmosaurine ceratopsid (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Judith River Formation (Upper Cretaceous: Campanian) of Montana, USA. PLoS ONE 11(5): e0154218.
2016 DOI
fibula of chasmatosaurine ceratopsid dinosaur Spic read more
fibula of chasmatosaurine ceratopsid dinosaur Spiclypeus shipporum
Mallon, J. C., J. R. Bura, D. Schumann, and P. J. Currie. 2020. A problematic tyrannosaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) skeleton and its implications for tyrannosaurid diversity in the Horseshoe Canyon Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of Alberta. The Anatomical Record 303:673-690.
2020 DOI
long bone (fibula) of non-tyrannosaurid tyrannosau read more
long bone (fibula) of non-tyrannosaurid tyrannosauroid theropod
Mantell, G. A. 1850a. On a dorsal dermal spine of the Hylaeosaurus, recently discovered in the strata of Tilgate Forest. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 140:391-392.
1850 Link
sauropod Pelorosaurus conybeari and the nodosaurid read more
sauropod Pelorosaurus conybeari and the nodosaurid ankylosaur Hylaeosaurus
Mantell, G. A. 1950b. On the Pelorosaurus; an undescribed gigantic terrestrial reptile whose remains are associated with those of the Iguanodon and other saurians in the strata of Tilgate Forest, in Sussex. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 140:379-390.
1850 Link
sauropod Pelorosaurus conybeari and the nodosaurid read more
sauropod Pelorosaurus conybeari and the nodosaurid ankylosaur Hylaeosaurus
Marchetti, L., M. J. MacDougall, M. Buchwitz, A. Canoville, M. Herde, C. F. Kammerer, and J. Fröbisch. 2024. Origin and early evolution of vertebrate burrowing behaviour. Earth-Science Reviews 250:104702.
2024 DOI
long bones of dicynodonts (Lystrosaurus maccaigi, read more
long bones of dicynodonts (Lystrosaurus maccaigi, Oudenodon bainii), cynodonts (Thrinaxodon liorhinus, Thrinaxodon liorhinus), and potential stem turtles (Pappochelys rosinae, Eunotosaurus africanus) [also info on long bone microstructure of extant terrestrial (Ovis ammon), semi-aquatic (Lutra lutra), pelagic marine (Delphinus delphis), and fossorial (Bathyergus suillus; Orycteropus afer, Dasypus novemcinctus) mammals]
Marín-Moratalla, N., X. Jordana, R. García-Martínez, and M. Köhler. 2011. Tracing the evolution of fitness components in fossil bovids under different selective regimes. Comptes Rendus Palevol 10:469-478.
2011 DOI bovid Myotragus balearicus
Marmi, J., B. Vila, and A. Galobart. 2009. Solemys (Chelonii, Solemydidae) remains from the Maastrichtian of Pyrenees: evidence for a semi-aquatic lifestyle. Cretaceous Research [in press].
2009 DOI solemydid turtle (Solemys sp.)
Marsh, A. D., M. E. Smith, W. G. Parker, R. B. Irmis, and B. T. Kligman. 2020. Skeletal anatomy of Acaenasuchus geoffreyi Long and Murry, 1995 (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia) and its implications for the origin of the aetosaurian carapace. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology e1794885 (26 pages)
2020 DOI osteoderms of pseudosuchian Acaenasuchus geoffreyi
Martill, D. M. 1987. A taphonomic and diagenetic case study of a partially articulated ichthyosaur. Palaeontology 30:543-555.
1987 Link ichthyosaur Ophthalmosaurus sp.
Martinelli, A. G., T. S. Marinho, F. Brissón Egli, E. M. Hechenleitner, F. V. Iori, F. H. Veiga, G. Basilici, M. V. T. Soares, A. Marconato, and L. C. B. Ribeiro. 2019. Noasaurid theropod (Abelisauria) femur from the Upper Cretaceous Bauru Group in Triangulo Mineiro (Southeastern Brazil). Cretaceous Research 104: 104181.
2019 DOI
Noasauridae (Theropoda, Abelisauria) gen. et sp. i read more
Noasauridae (Theropoda, Abelisauria) gen. et sp. indet.
Martínez, R. N., B. Andres, C. Apaldetti, and I. A. Cerda. 2022. The dawn of the flying reptiles: first Triassic record in the southern hemisphere. Papers in Palaeontology 8(2):e1424.
2022 DOI long bone of Pterosauria indet.
Maxwell, E. E., T. M. Scheyer, and D. A. Fowler. 2014. An evolutionary and developmental perspective on the loss of regionalization in the limbs of derived ichthyosaurs [special issue: Modern Perspectives on Ancient Marine Reptiles]. Geological Magazine 151:29-40.
2014 DOI
bones of ithchyosaurs (tibia of Stenopterygius cf. read more
bones of ithchyosaurs (tibia of Stenopterygius cf. uniter, metacarpal II of Temnodontosaurus cf. trigonodon)
McPhee, B. W., R. B. J. Benson, J. Botha-Brink, E. M. Bordy, and J. N. Choiniere. 2018. A giant dinosaur from the earliest Jurassic of South Africa and the transition to quadrupedality in early sauropodomorphs. Current Biology 28: 3143-3151.
2018 DOI long bones of sauropodiform Ledumahadi mafube
Reference
Publication YearLink Morphobank DOI
1   
1
Classical overview work
2   
2
Fossil Synapsida
3   
3
Parareptilia
4   
4
Eureptilia (excl. Dinos & Birds)
5   
5
Eureptilia (Dinos & Birds)
Taxa sampled and further notes
Meier, P. S., C. Bickelmann, T. M. Scheyer, D. Koyabu, and M. R. Sánchez-Villagra. 2013. Evolution of bone compactness in extant and extinct moles (Talpidae): exploring humeral microstructure in small fossorial mammals. BMC Evolutionary Biology 13:55.
2013 DOI
long bones (humeri and femora) of talpids (Astheno read more
long bones (humeri and femora) of talpids (Asthenoscapter meini, Desmanella engesseri, Mygatalpa arvernensis, Paratalpa micheli, Proscapanus sansaniensis, Talpa europea, Talpa minor, Talpa minuta, Geotrypus sp.) [accompanied by data on extant talpids]
Mitchell, J., and P. M. Sander. 2014. The three-front model: a developmental explanation of long bone diaphyseal histology of Sauropoda. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 112:765-781.
2014 DOI
humeri and femora of sauropod dinosaurs (Ampelosau read more
humeri and femora of sauropod dinosaurs (Ampelosaurus atacis, Apatosaurus sp., Camarasaurus sp., Europasaurus holgeri, Giraffatitan brancai, Magyarosaurus dacus, Diplodocidae indet.) [comparison to modern cervid Cervus elaphus]
Mitchell, J., P. M. Sander, and K. Stein. 2017. Can secondary osteons be used as ontogenetic indicators in sauropods? Extending the histological ontogenetic stages into senescence. Paleobiology 43:321-342.
2017 DOI longbones of Apatosaurinae sauropods
Monfroy, Q. T., M. Kundrát, J. K. O'Connor, H.-L. You, F. Marone, M. Stampanoni, and B. Šmajda. 2021. Synchrotron microtomography-based osteohistology of Gansus yumenensis: new data on the evolution of uninterrupted bone deposition in basal birds Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 104:149-175.
2023 DOI
long bones of non-ornithurine Euornithes Gansus yu read more
long bones of non-ornithurine Euornithes Gansus yumenensis
Moodie, R. L. 1928. The histological nature of ossified tendons found in dinosaurs. American Museum Novitates 311:1-15.
1928 Link
dinosaur tendons (Edmontosaurus annectens [origina read more
dinosaur tendons (Edmontosaurus annectens [originally referred to as Trachodon annectens], ankylosaurid Ankylosaurus)
Mooney, E. D., T. Maho, J. J. Bevitt, and R. R. Reisz. 2022. An intriguing new diapsid reptile with evidence of mandibulo-dental pathology from the early Permian of Oklahoma revealed by neutron tomography. PLoS ONE 17(11): e0276772.
2022 DOI jaw bone of neodiapsid Maiothisavros dianeae
Mukherjee, D. 2015. New insights from bone microanatomy of the Late Triassic Hyperodapedon (Archosauromorpha, Rhynchosauria): implications for archosauromorph growth strategy. Palaeontology 58:313-339.
2015 DOI
long bones of rhynchosaurian archosauromorph Hyper read more
long bones of rhynchosaurian archosauromorph Hyperodapedon huxleyi; Hyperodapedon tikiensis
Mukherjee, D., and S. Ray. 2022. Pachyosteosclerosis, rhamphotheca and enhanced sensory capabilities of the premaxillae of Hyperodapedon (Archosauromorpha, Rhynchosauria): implications for foraging at the sediment–water interface. Palaeontology 65:e12626.
2022 DOI
skull bones (premaxilla) of rhynchosaur Hyperodape read more
skull bones (premaxilla) of rhynchosaur Hyperodapedon
Nakajima, Y., A. Houssaye, and H. Endo. 2014. Osteohistology of the Early Triassic ichthyopterygian reptile Utatsusaurus hataii: Implications for early ichthyosaur biology. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 59:343-352.
2014 DOI
longbones, phalanges and ribs of ichthyopterygian read more
longbones, phalanges and ribs of ichthyopterygian Utatususaurus hataii
Nasterlack, T., A. Canoville, and A. Chinsamy. 2012. New insights into the biology of the Permian genus Cistecephalus (Therapsida, Dicynodontia). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 32:1396-1410.
2012 DOI dicynodonts (Cistecephalus, Diictodon)
Navarro, T. G., I. A. Cerda, and D. Pol. 2023. Microstructural characterization and growth dynamics in Notosuchus terrestris, a Mesoeucrocodylia crocodyliform from the Upper Cretaceous of Northem Patagonia, Argentina. Cretaceous Research 150(7):105607.
2023 DOI
long bones of Mesoeucrocodylia crocodyliform Notos read more
long bones of Mesoeucrocodylia crocodyliform Notosuchus terrestris
Navarro, T. G., I. A. Cerda, M. L. Fernández Dumont, S. Apesteguía, and D. Pol. 2024. New data on the bone histology of Araripesuchus buitreraensis (Crocodylomorpha: Notosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Argentinean Patagonia. Histological Biology (in press).
2024 DOI
long bones and osteoderms of crocodylomorph Ararip read more
long bones and osteoderms of crocodylomorph Araripesuchus cf. buitreraensis and Araripesuchus buitreraensis
Nesbitt, S. J. 2007. The anatomy of Effigia okeeffeae (Archosauria, Suchia), theropod-like convergence, and the distribution of related taxa. American Museum of Natural History, Bulletin 302:1-84.
2007 DOI
long bones of shuvosaurid poposauroid Effigia okee read more
long bones of shuvosaurid poposauroid Effigia okeeffeae
Nesbitt, S. J., A. H. Turner, G. M. Erickson, and M. A. Norell. 2006. Prey choice and cannibalistic behaviour in the theropod Coelophysis. Biology Letters 2:611-614.
2006 DOI
femoral sections (through metaphysis) of the thero read more
femoral sections (through metaphysis) of the theropod Coelophysis (juvenile) and of the crocodylomorph cf. Hesperosuchus
Nesbitt, S. J., and M. D. Ezcurra. 2015. The early fossil record of dinosaurs in North America: A new neotheropod from the base of the Upper Triassic Dockum Group of Texas. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 60:513-526.
2015 DOI
referred left femur of neotheropod dinosaur Lepidu read more
referred left femur of neotheropod dinosaur Lepidus praecisio
Nesbitt, S. J., M. R. Stocker, B. J. Small, and A. Downs. 2009. The osteology and relationships of Vancleavea campi (Reptilia: Archosauriformes). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 157:814-864.
2009 DOI femur of archosauriform Vancleavea campi
Reference
Publication YearLink Morphobank DOI
1   
1
Classical overview work
2   
2
Fossil Synapsida
3   
3
Parareptilia
4   
4
Eureptilia (excl. Dinos & Birds)
5   
5
Eureptilia (Dinos & Birds)
Taxa sampled and further notes
Nesbitt, S. J., M. R. Stocker, S. Chatterjee, J. R. Horner, and M. B. Goodwin. 2021. A remarkable group of thick‐headed Triassic Period archosauromorphs with a wide, possibly Pangean distribution. Journal of Anatomy (in press).
2021 DOI protopyknosian Archosauriformes Kranosaura kuttyi
Nesbitt, S. J., P. M. Barrett, S. Werning, C. A. Sidor, and A. J. Charig. 2012. The oldest dinosaur? A Middle Triassic dinosauriform from Tanzania. Biology Letters 9:20120949.
2012 DOI humerus of dinosauriform Nyasasaurus parringtoni
Nopcsa, F. von 1923a. Vorläufige Notiz über die Pachyostose und Osteosklerose einiger mariner Wirbeltiere. Anatomischer Anzeiger 56:353-359.
1923
pachyostosis and osteosclerosis in snakes (Simolio read more
pachyostosis and osteosclerosis in snakes (Simoliophis and Pachyophis)
Nopcsa, F. von 1923b. Eidolosaurus und Pachyophis. Zwei neue Neocom-Reptilien. Palaeontographica 55:97-154.
1923
pachyostosis and osteosclerosis in snakes (Simolio read more
pachyostosis and osteosclerosis in snakes (Simoliophis and Pachyophis)
Nopcsa, F. von 1925. Ergebnisse der Forschungsreisen Prof. E. Stromers in den Wüsten Agyptens. II. Wirbeltier-Reste der Baharije-Stufe (unterstes Cenoman). 5. Die Symoliophis-Reste. Abhandlung der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Abteilung 30:1-27.
1925
pachyostosis and osteosclerosis in snakes (Simolio read more
pachyostosis and osteosclerosis in snakes (Simoliophis and Pachyophis)
Nopcsa, F. von 1933. On the histology of the ribs of immature and half-grown trachodont dinosaurs. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1:221-223.
1933 iguanodontid Rhabdodon sp.
Nopcsa, F. von, and E. Heidsieck. 1933. On the histology of the ribs of immature and half-grown trachodont dinosaurs. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1:221-223.
1933
dinosaurs (hadrosaurs Hypacrosaurus, Anatosaurus [ read more
dinosaurs (hadrosaurs Hypacrosaurus, Anatosaurus [originally referred to as Trachodon], Orthomerus, specimens of Hadrosauridae [originally referred to as Tetragonosaurus, see also Reid, 1997a, including probably Lambeosaurus lambei [originally referred to as Tetragonosaurus praeceps therein], theropod Gorgosaurus, ceratopsian Monoclonius, iguanodontid Rhabdodon, Camptosaurus, Iguanodon). Further reference to dinosaurs (theropod Procompsognathus, Coelophysis, Struthiomimus, Ornithomimus, Megalosaurus, Allosaurus, Ceratosaurus, Spinosaurus, Tyrannosaurus, Coelurosauria indet., hypsilophodontid Hypsilophodon, iguanodontid Camptosaurus, thyreophoran Scelidosaurus, Kentrosaurus [originally referred to as Kentrurosaurus], Stegosaurus, Struthiosaurus, Ankylosaurus, ceratopsian Psittacosaurus Protoceratops, Brachyceratops, Leptoceratops, Triceratops, ornithopod Dryosaurus [=Dysalotosaurus?]), ichthyosaurs (Temnodontosaurus acutirostris [originally referred to Leptopterygius acutirostris], Stenopterygius, Ophthalmosaurus), synapsids (dicynodont Dicynodon whaitsi, Lystrosaurus, Dicynodon)
Nopcsa, F. von, and E. Heidsieck. 1934. Über eine pachyostotische Rippe aus der Kreide Rügens. Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 15:431-455.
1934
bone histology of sirenians (Halitherium), crocody read more
bone histology of sirenians (Halitherium), crocodylians (Teleosaurus cadomensis), mesosaurs (Mesosaurus brasiliensis, Stereosternum sp.), champsosaurid choristoderes (Champsosaurus sp.), mosasaurs (Aigialosaurus [originally referred to as Opetiosaurus, see Dutchak and Caldwell, 2009]), serpents (Pachyophis), sauropterygians (Pliosaurus ferox, “Pliosaurus adultus”, Pliosaurus sp., “Proneusticosaurus voltzi”, Neusticosaurus edwardsii [originally referred to as Pachypleurosaurus edwardsi])
O'Connor, J., M. Wang, S. Zhou, and Z. Zhou. 2015. Osteohistology of the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation ornithuromorph (Aves) Iteravis huchzermeyeri. Palaeontologia Electronica 18.2.35A: 1-11
2015 Link ornithuromorph Mesozoic bird Iteravis huchzermeyer
O'Keefe, F. R., P. M. Sander, T. Wintrich, and S. Werning. 2019. Ontogeny of polycotylid long bone microanatomy and histology. Integrative Organismal Biology 1(1):oby007.
2019 DOI humerus of Polycotylus latipinnus
Organ, C. L., A. M. Shedlock, A. Meade, M. Pagel, and S. V. Edwards. 2007. Origin of avian genome size and structure in non-avian dinosaurs. Nature 446:180-184.
2007 DOI
osteocyte lacunae in a variety of dinosaur bones i read more
osteocyte lacunae in a variety of dinosaur bones including images of bones of Allosaurus fragilis
Organ, C. L., and A. M. Shedlock. 2009. Palaeogenomics of pterosaurs and the evolution of small genome size in flying vertebrates. Biology Letters 5:47-50.
2009 DOI
osteocyte lacunae and genome size estimates in pte read more
osteocyte lacunae and genome size estimates in pterosaurs (Dimorphodon macronyx, Rhamphorhynchus muensteri, Pteranodon sp., Pterodactylus sp.) and basal archosauromorphs (choristoderan Champsosauridae indet., phytosaurs Rutiodon sp., Phytosauridae indet., rauisuchian Postosuchus kirkpatricki, aetosaurs Desmatosuchus haploceros, Typothorax meadei, crocodylian alligatorid Leidyosuchus sp.), including an image of a wing phalanx of Pterodactylus
Organ, C. L., and J. S. Adams. 2005. The histology of ossified tendons in dinosaurs. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25:602-613.
2005 DOI
dinosaur tendons (saurischian Camarasaurus lentus, read more
dinosaur tendons (saurischian Camarasaurus lentus, theropods Allosaurus fragilis, Spinostropheus gautieri, Deinonychus antirrhopus, Saurornitholestes sp., ornithopod Brachylophosaurus canadensis, Hypacrosaurus stebingeri, Tenontosaurus tilletti, Edmontosaurus, pachycephalosaur Stygimoloch spinifer, ceratopsian Pachyrhinosaurus canadensis, ankylosaurid Euoplocephalus tutus)
Orlandi-Oliveras, G., X. Jordana, B. Moncunill-Solé, and M. Köhler. 2016. Bone histology of the giant fossil dormouse Hypnomys onicensis (Gliridae, Rodentia) from Balearic Islands. Comptes Rendus Palevol 15:238-244.
2016 DOI
long bones of leithiine glirid Hypnomys onicensis read more
long bones of leithiine glirid Hypnomys onicensis [also on extant garden dormouse Eliomys quercinus]
Ösi, A., E. Prondvai, R. Butler, and D. B. Weishampel. 2012. Phylogeny, histology and inferred body size evolution in a new rhabdodontid dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Hungary. PLoS ONE 7(9): e44318.
2012 DOI
long bones (and scapula) of rhambdodontid dinosaur read more
long bones (and scapula) of rhambdodontid dinosaurs (Mochlodon vorosi, Mochlodon suessi, Rhabdodon)
Ostrom, J. H. 1969. Osteology of Deinonychus antirrhopus, an unusual theropod from the Lower Cretaceous of Montana. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 30:1-165.
1969 Link theropod Deinonychus antirrhopus
Reference
Publication YearLink Morphobank DOI
1   
1
Classical overview work
2   
2
Fossil Synapsida
3   
3
Parareptilia
4   
4
Eureptilia (excl. Dinos & Birds)
5   
5
Eureptilia (Dinos & Birds)
Taxa sampled and further notes
Owen, R. 1853-1864. Monograph on the fossil Reptilia of the Wealden and Purbeck Formations. Supplement (No. II) Order-Crocodilia. Palaeontological Society, London. 20-44 pp.
1853-1864
sauropod Cetiosaurus brevis and general notes to b read more
sauropod Cetiosaurus brevis and general notes to bone histology in dinosaurs
Owen, R. 1858. Monograph on the fossil Reptilia of the Wealden and Purbeck Formations. Part IV Dinosauria (Hylaeosaurus). Palaeontological Society, London. 8-26 pp.
1858
dermal spine of Hylaeosaurus (Thyreophora: Ankylos read more
dermal spine of Hylaeosaurus (Thyreophora: Ankylosauria)
Owen, R. 1878. On the fossils called ‘‘Granicones’’; being a contribution to the histology of the exoskeleton in ‘‘Reptilia’’. Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society 1:233-236, plates 12+13.
1878 Link DOI
solemydid turtle limb ossicles [see also Barrett e read more
solemydid turtle limb ossicles [see also Barrett et al., 2002]; osteoderms of atoposaurid mesoeucrocodylian Theriosuchus pusillus
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